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Burkholderia mallei
Burkholderia mallei is a gram-negative bipolar aerobic bacterium, a Burkholderia-genus human and animal pathogen causing Glanders; the Latin name of this disease (''malleus'') gave name to the causative agent species. It is closely related to ''B. pseudomallei,'' and by multilocus sequence typing, it is a subspecies of ''B. pseudomallei.'' ''B. mallei'' evolved from ''B. pseudomallei'' by selective reduction and deletions from the ''B. pseudomallei'' genome. Unlike closely related ''Burkholderia pseudomallei'' and other genus members, the bacterium is nonmotile; its shape is something in between a rod and a coccus measuring some 1.5–3 μm in length and 0.5–1μm in diameter with rounded ends.
==Discovery and early history==
Wilhelm Schütz and Friedrich Löffler first isolated ''Burkholderia mallei'' in 1882. It was isolated from an infected liver and spleen of a horse. This bacterium is also one of the first to be identified containing a type VI secretion system which is important for its pathogenicity.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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